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When you receive a summons as a suspect in a fraud case that you did not commit, you are likely a victim of identity theft. In 2023, cybercriminals committed 470,388 computer fraud cases in Spain; therefore, we must be very careful with the information we share...

The crime of documentary fraud is a criminal offense that protects confidence in documents as means of proof in legal transactions. It is committed when a person alters, simulates, modifies or falsifies a document, whether by creating a new one based on false...

Conflicts with construction companies, developers and suppliers that charge very high amounts and then fail to execute the work, leave it half-finished or buy time with excuses, promises and documents that only serve to retain the client's money are becoming...

Every year in Spain thousands of convictions for embezzlement are handed down. According to official conviction statistics, this offense accounts for approximately 1.2% of total criminal convictions, with figures hovering around 4,000–5,000 annual convictions. Within...

What is the crime of fraud? It is a crime against property that consists of deceiving another person to obtain an economic benefit, causing the victim economic harm due to that deception. In this article we will explain what the crime of fraud is according to the...

Cryptocurrencies have revolutionized the financial and technological landscape. But alongside their legitimate uses, they have also become a frequent channel for illicit activities. In Spain and internationally, authorities have developed advanced methods to trace,...

Cryptocurrencies have transformed the digital economy, offering speed, decentralization and global access. However, these same characteristics have made them an attractive tool for cybercrime. In Spain, cryptocurrency crimes have grown exponentially, generating...

Being accused of a crypto fraud offense in Spain is no minor issue. Criminal investigations for cryptocurrency fraud have become much more sophisticated in recent years. Specialized units of the National Police, Civil Guard, and Europol have traceability tools capable...

Cryptocurrency scams are today one of the most widespread financial threats in Spain. Bitcoin, Ethereum, USDT and other digital assets have attracted both legitimate investors and international criminal networks that perfect their methods to deceive even people with...

Can Criminal Law punish you for not returning money that belongs to you? This apparently paradoxical question has been resolved on multiple occasions by the Supreme Court. When it comes to sale, loan, or civil resolution contracts, the boundary between breach of...

When does document forgery constitute a crime of falsification in commercial documents? The answer is not always evident. The Supreme Court has clarified the limits of this criminal offense and redefines the scope of the principle of absorption." The delimitation of...

Have they placed a large order after paying you promptly for some small ones… and then disappeared without paying? You've likely been a victim of the nazareno scam. This fraud, increasingly common among businesses and freelancers, consists of gaining your trust with...

Fraud by omission is one of the most complex and lesser-known concepts in Spanish Criminal Law. However, it has great practical relevance, especially in real estate, financial, and business sectors What is fraud by omission? Fraud by omission is committed when a...

In the field of Spanish criminal law, particularly in the classification of the crime of fraud under article 248 of the Penal Code, special relevance is given to the so-called victim's duty of self-protection in fraud offenses. This principle raises a key question for...

What happens if you report a theft that didn't occur? Simulation of crime is a mistake that can have serious criminal consequences. Faking a theft may seem like an "easy way out" to recover a lost item or collect from insurance. But if you're caught, you could face...

Phishing has become one of the most common scams in Spain. According to a recent study, 33% of Spaniards have been victims of phishing, positioning it as the most reported threat in the country. Additionally, 74.7% of respondents stated they had experienced some type...

In the legal world, distinguishing between the crime of fraud and a simple breach of contract is fundamental. This differentiation has very relevant consequences, both at the procedural level and in terms of criminal or civil liabilities. In Spain, not every breach of...

El Caso de las Mascarillas ha sido uno de los procedimientos judiciales más mediáticos en España en los últimos años. La investigación judicial se centró en la compraventa de material sanitario en marzo de 2020, durante los momentos más críticos de la pandemia de...

  En la era digital, el  comunes de lo que pensamos. ¿Sabías que el 90% de los ciberdelitos en España son estafas informáticas? Según el informe de cibercriminalidad del Ministerio del Interior de 2023, el último año registró 470.388 ciberdelitos, con un aumento...

Have you been a victim of cybersecurity fraud? In May 2024, the Civil Guard arrested 30 people in various Spanish locations for defrauding more than one million euros from over one hundred victims from 18 countries, using the 'Man in the Middle' method. The fraudsters...

The crime of fraud constitutes one of the most relevant property offenses within the Spanish Criminal Code, due to its economic and social impact. In this article we will delve into the crime of aggravated fraud. What is the crime of fraud? The crime of fraud is...

Have you been accused of falsifying documents in a trial? Facing an accusation of procedural fraud can be overwhelming. The use of false evidence or manipulated documents in a judicial proceeding can carry serious consequences, including substantial prison sentences....

In Spain, the line separating an irregular contract from a crime of fraud by simulated contract is thin, but crucial. Many people face unjustified accusations due to erroneous or malicious interpretations of their contractual agreements. If you have been reported for...

You may have recently received calls from the human resources department of Indeed or InfoJobs. But this is an InfoJobs and Indeed scam. Cybercriminals have found in identity theft an effective tool to deceive victims, using recognized employment platforms like Indeed...

Phishing, is one of the most common forms of computer fraud. This crime consists of deceiving victims to obtain sensitive data such as passwords, credit card numbers or banking information. In Spain, the crime of phishing is regulated within the framework of fraud...

Both crimes are found in Chapter VI of the Criminal Code which refers to fraudulent offenses. Both fraud and embezzlement are two types of fraud, which consist of obtaining an economic benefit to the detriment of another person. In this article, we will explain the...

In recent years, new types of fraud have emerged. You may have been asked for your account number, and told that if you received a sum of money, you could keep a small commission. In this article I will explain what money mules are and what legal consequences they...